Field archaeology
Survey, excavation recording, landscape. Methods follow Wheeler, Harris and current university field-school practice.
Archaeological science
Dating, materials, environmental remains. Results are cited from published laboratories, not invented certificates.
Epigraphy & numismatics
Inscriptions and coins as dated historical sources. Teaching follows Sircar, Allan and later corpora.
Conservation science
Venice, Nara and Burra ethics; materials diagnosis; preventive programmes.
Museum studies
Collections care, documentation and interpretation.
Digital heritage
Photogrammetry, GIS, archives and open metadata.